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December 04, 2025 Global Developments: Putin's India Visit, Debt Crisis, AI Advances, and Humanitarian Concerns

The world witnessed a flurry of diplomatic activities and significant developments in the last 24 hours. Russian President Vladimir Putin arrived in India for a crucial summit, while international efforts continued to address the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. Economically, developing nations face a mounting debt crisis, and technologically, advancements in Artificial Intelligence continue to reshape various sectors. Humanitarian aid remains critical in Sri Lanka following a devastating cyclone.

Politics & International Relations

  • Russian President Vladimir Putin is on a two-day state visit to New Delhi for the 23rd India-Russia Annual Summit, where discussions are expected to cover cooperation in defense, energy, and trade. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and his Russian counterpart are co-chairing the 22nd India-Russia Inter-Governmental Commission on Military and Military Technical Cooperation.

  • A five-hour meeting between Russian President Vladimir Putin and U.S. envoys concluded without an agreement to end the war in Ukraine. The UN General Assembly adopted a non-binding resolution urging Russia to immediately return Ukrainian children forcibly taken from occupied territories. Canada’s Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Foreign Affairs will attend the OSCE Ministerial Council to reaffirm support for Ukraine and discuss the return of these children.

  • In the Middle East, Israel conducted an airstrike in southern Gaza following an attack that injured five soldiers. Meanwhile, Lebanon's Prime Minister stated that diplomatic normalization or economic relations with Israel are "far from" reach, despite ongoing talks to de-escalate tensions. Egypt’s Foreign Minister held talks in Berlin, addressing the Gaza conflict and advocating for an independent Palestinian state.

  • The United States announced restrictions on visas for Nigerians implicated in violence against Christians.

  • Research indicates that U.S. efforts to decouple supply chains from China are primarily successful in sectors with alternative suppliers in politically aligned countries.

  • South Korean President Lee Jae Myung is reportedly considering an apology to Pyongyang for past cross-border provocations.

  • The United Arab Emirates and Japan held their third Subcommittee on Political Diplomacy and International Cooperation, focusing on strengthening bilateral relations, economic ties, and regional stability, including the situations in Gaza and Sudan.

Economy

  • Developing countries experienced a record outflow of $741 billion more in principal and interest on their external debt than they received in new financing between 2022 and 2024, marking the largest gap in at least 50 years, as reported by the World Bank.

  • The OECD maintained its 2026 global economic growth forecast at 2.9%, attributing support to strong investment in Artificial Intelligence, with India's growth projection remaining at 6.2%.

  • India and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) finalized three loan agreements totaling over USD 800 million to fund development projects across Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat.

  • Indonesia's transition away from coal necessitates robust government support and inclusive policies to protect vulnerable communities and diversify local economies, according to a new report.

  • The Indian Rupee fell to a record low of 90.15 against the US dollar.

Science & Technology

  • The 2025 Research Fronts Report, a collaboration between Clarivate and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, highlighted the rapid advancements in Artificial Intelligence, particularly its applications in medicine, biomolecular prediction, and generative AI in business. Key tech news also covered AI safety concerns, a global memory chip shortage, Amazon's adoption of Nvidia AI chips, and Anthropic AI's preparations for an IPO. Mistral AI also introduced its Mistral 3 family of models.

  • A $2.4 million federal award will bolster research at Boise State University and partner institutions to enhance rechargeable metal battery technology.

  • A Purdue University innovation, which utilizes smartphone photos of the eyeball for early detection of preeclampsia risk, is set for evaluation in an international study.

  • The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully tested a high-speed indigenous fighter jet escape system.

  • India is preparing for the launch of INS Aridhaman, which is expected to significantly enhance its sea-based nuclear deterrent capabilities.

Social Welfare

  • The death toll from Cyclone Ditwah in Sri Lanka has tragically risen to 479, with 350 people still missing, as India continues to lead relief efforts.

  • December 3rd was observed as the International Day of Persons with Disabilities, emphasizing the need for inclusive and equitable health financing for individuals with disabilities.

  • Cases of norovirus, commonly known as the "winter vomiting disease," are on the rise in the United States.

Appointments & Awards

  • Manali Kshirsagar has been appointed as Nagpur University's first female Vice-Chancellor in a century.

  • Amar Subramanya has been named Apple's new Vice President of AI.

  • India has been invited to assume the chairship of the International IDEA, a global electoral support body.

  • India has been re-elected to the UNESCO Executive Board for the 2025-2029 term.

Sports (Non-Cricket)

  • The Abu Dhabi Grand Prix is scheduled to take place from December 5-7, 2025.

  • US President Donald Trump is set to preside over the FIFA World Cup 2026 draw.

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